Fainting (syncope) is a loss of consciousness of a sudden, usually only a few seconds or minutes, because your brain is not getting enough oxygen.
The brain has several sections, including the two hemispheres, cerebellum, and brainstem. The brain requires blood flow to provide oxygen and glucose into the cells.
For your body to remain conscious, an area known as the reticular activating system located in the brain stem must live, and at least one hemisphere of the brain must function.
Fainting occurs when the reticular activating system or both hemispheres of the brain is deprived of blood, oxygen, or glucose.
1. Reaction of the vagus nerve
Fainting mostly triggered by the vagus nerve that connects the brain and the digestive system to play a role managing the flow of blood to the brain and gut. Overstimulation of the vagus nerve slows the heart rate and lowering blood pressure, thereby reducing the blood supply to the brain that causes fainting.
Stress, fear, anxiety, panic, and pain that can powerfully stimulate the vagus nerve.
2. Changes in blood pressur
Changes in blood pressure can cause you to faint. Sometimes, the heart and blood vessels do not react quickly enough when you change your body needs oxygen. It is very common in the elderly and in people who have certain health conditions, like diabetes. Fainting may occur if you stand too long or work harder than ability.
3. Anemia
Anemia (deficiency of red blood cells) can lead to fainting because not enough red blood cells to supply oxygen to the brain. Anemia can be caused by a lack of iron intake, disease or bleeding (eg, excessive menstruation).
4. Dehydration
Lack of fluid in the body (dehydration) also can cause fainting. Dehydration can be caused by vomiting, diarrhea, fever, sweating, burns or less drinking. Some diseases like diabetes can also cause dehydration due to too frequent urination. Vomiting and diarrhea, in particular, also stimulates the vagus nerve so that the double effect.
5. Shock
Shock is a condition characterized by low blood pressure which can lead to loss of consciousness. Shock is a dangerous state of emergency that usually originates from the bleeding, but also can come from severe allergies (anaphylaxis) or a severe infection. Shock victims are usually looked confused, before losing consciousness when his condition worsened.
6. Drug
The drugs are intended to control the action of high blood pressure can be too much lowering of blood pressure causing fainting. Alcohol, cocaine and marijuana can also cause fainting. Talk to your doctor if you think your fainting may be related to the drug you are taking.
7. Hypoglycemia
Lack of blood sugar (hypoglycemia) can make you faint. Hypoglycemia is not only caused by diabetes, but also because you are not eating for a long time.
Tip: What to do when you feel faint?
Before fainting, you usually feel dizzy, dizzy, the room such as spinning, nausea and cold sweats. You may also experience blurred vision or hearing buzzing.
If you feel like going to faint, lie down. If you cannot lie down, sit and squat down by putting your head between your knees.
This helps draw blood to your brain. Wait until you feel better before trying to stand up. When you stand up, do it slowly.
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